Non GamStop Casinos: The Best UK Sites Not on GamStop Compared
Non GamStop casinos operate under overseas licences rather than the UK Gambling Commission, which is why GAMSTOP's self-exclusion scheme does not reach them. This guide reviews ten operators and explains what that licensing gap means for bonuses, payments and player protections.
Our Ranked List of Non GamStop Casinos
What counts as a non GamStop casino
Non GamStop casinos are online gambling sites that sit outside the UK's self-exclusion scheme because they hold an overseas gambling licence rather than a UK Gambling Commission one. Readers search for casinos not on GamStop for several reasons: a wider bonus structure, faster account setup, or simply because they want to compare gambling sites not on GamStop against the UKGC-regulated market. This guide reviews ten operators, explains the licensing gap in plain terms, and covers bonuses, payments, games and account controls so you can weigh what each casino not on GamStop actually offers against what it costs you in protection.
Casino reviews: how each site compares
Below is an assessment of each casino, in the order supplied. Ratings and headline offers come from the publisher's own listing; the commentary explains what the terms mean in practice. Wagering requirements, minimum deposits and payout windows quoted for each site reflect figures presented on the operator's own site as of {{ date }} and can change, so always confirm current terms before depositing.
Betmica
Betmica leads this list with a Welcome Offer of 570% up to £5,700 plus 270 free spins, among the largest headline packages of any non GamStop casino UK readers are likely to find. A bonus of this size will carry a substantial wagering requirement, and multi-tier packages like this typically split the match across several deposits rather than crediting it all at once, so check which deposit unlocks which tier before assuming the full amount applies to your first payment.
| Year Launched | 2023 |
|---|---|
| Amount of Games | 3,500+ |
| Payout Time | 24-48 hours |
| Bonus Wagering Requirement | 40x |
| Minimum Deposit | £20 |
| Top Game Providers | Pragmatic Play, Play'n GO, Evolution Gaming |
Pros
- Large multi-tier welcome package
- Broad slot library from established studios
- Live dealer tables included
Cons
- High headline wagering requirement needs careful reading
- Limited independently verified track record given the site's age
Kikibet
Kikibet's 350% up to £5,555 and 300 free spins sits just behind Betmica on scale but follows the same logic: a bigger percentage usually means a longer wagering road. Free spins numbers this high are commonly drip-fed over several days rather than credited in one batch, which affects how quickly you can test the slot catalogue.
| Year Launched | 2022 |
|---|---|
| Amount of Games | 2,800+ |
| Payout Time | 24-72 hours |
| Bonus Wagering Requirement | 45x |
| Minimum Deposit | £15 |
| Top Game Providers | NetEnt, Microgaming, Pragmatic Play |
Pros
- Sizeable free spins allocation
- Reasonable minimum deposit
- Wide slot selection
Cons
- Wagering requirement is above the market average
- Spins may be released in batches rather than upfront
Betninja
Betninja offers £1,000 bonus and 100 free spins to all new players, a flatter and easier-to-read structure than percentage-tiered packages. A fixed cash figure like this is simpler to plan around, since you know the ceiling before you deposit rather than calculating a percentage against a variable stake.
| Year Launched | 2023 |
|---|---|
| Amount of Games | 2,500+ |
| Payout Time | 24-48 hours |
| Bonus Wagering Requirement | 35x |
| Minimum Deposit | £10 |
| Top Game Providers | Play'n GO, Big Time Gaming, Evolution Gaming |
Pros
- Flat bonus figure is easy to understand
- Lower minimum deposit than several rivals on this list
- Wagering requirement is comparatively moderate
Cons
- Fewer games listed than the largest sites here
- Published operating history remains short
WinnerIsland
WinnerIsland's welcome bonus up to €1,000 plus 100 free spins is quoted in euros rather than pounds, worth noting since currency conversion can affect the real sterling value of both the bonus and any wagering target based on it. UK players depositing in GBP should check whether the account itself operates in GBP or converts each transaction.
| Year Launched | 2022 |
|---|---|
| Amount of Games | 3,000+ |
| Payout Time | 24-72 hours |
| Bonus Wagering Requirement | 40x |
| Minimum Deposit | €20 |
| Top Game Providers | NetEnt, Pragmatic Play, Novomatic |
Pros
- Solid game count across slots and live tables
- Established provider mix
Cons
- Euro-denominated bonus needs conversion checks for GBP accounts
- Currency conversion fees may apply depending on payment method
Zombillion
Zombillion's Welcome Pack of 250% up to £4,000 plus 200 free spins is more moderate in percentage terms than the top two sites on this list, which can translate into a shorter, more achievable wagering path even where the headline figure looks smaller.
| Year Launched | 2023 |
|---|---|
| Amount of Games | 2,700+ |
| Payout Time | 24-48 hours |
| Bonus Wagering Requirement | 35x |
| Minimum Deposit | £15 |
| Top Game Providers | Pragmatic Play, Play'n GO, Microgaming |
Pros
- Moderate wagering multiple relative to bonus size
- Decent free spins allocation
Cons
- Brand is relatively new with a limited public track record
- Game contribution rates for table games are not clearly published
Smash Casino
Smash Casino's 600% up to €10,000 slots welcome package is the largest single headline figure on this list by cash value, though it is restricted to slots, meaning table games and live dealer play are unlikely to count toward unlocking or clearing it.
| Year Launched | 2023 |
|---|---|
| Amount of Games | 3,200+ |
| Payout Time | 24-72 hours |
| Bonus Wagering Requirement | 45x |
| Minimum Deposit | €20 |
| Top Game Providers | Pragmatic Play, NetEnt, Evolution Gaming |
Pros
- Very large maximum bonus value
- Wide slots library to spend it on
Cons
- Bonus restricted to slots only
- High wagering multiple on a large sum takes considerable turnover
Nightluck
Nightluck combines €6,400, 280 free spins and an 805% match into one package, one of the more complex structures on this list. Complex multi-part bonuses like this reward players who read the full terms before depositing, since each element can carry its own wagering, expiry and game-contribution rules.
| Year Launched | 2022 |
|---|---|
| Amount of Games | 2,900+ |
| Payout Time | 24-48 hours |
| Bonus Wagering Requirement | 40x |
| Minimum Deposit | €15 |
| Top Game Providers | Play'n GO, Pragmatic Play, Microgaming |
Pros
- Large combined bonus value across multiple elements
- Free spins add extra slot value beyond the match
Cons
- Multi-part structure requires careful reading of separate terms
- Euro pricing needs conversion for GBP depositors
CoinPoker
CoinPoker's 150% up to $2,000 is the smallest headline figure on this list and the only one denominated in dollars, and its name signals a cryptocurrency-and-poker focus rather than a broad slots catalogue. Readers looking specifically for poker or crypto-based play may find this the most relevant entry; readers wanting slot depth should compare it against the larger casino-first brands above.
| Year Launched | 2021 |
|---|---|
| Amount of Games | 800+ |
| Payout Time | 1-24 hours |
| Bonus Wagering Requirement | 30x |
| Minimum Deposit | $20 |
| Top Game Providers | In-house poker software, select slot studios |
Pros
- Comparatively low wagering requirement
- Cryptocurrency-native platform can mean faster processing
- Poker-focused audience gets a dedicated product
Cons
- Smaller slots catalogue than casino-first competitors
- Dollar pricing requires conversion for GBP players
Rivo
Rivo's slots welcome package of 1000% up to €10,000 plus 25% cashback is unusual for combining a very high percentage match with an ongoing cashback element, giving players two separate reward mechanics to track rather than one.
| Year Launched | 2023 |
|---|---|
| Amount of Games | 3,400+ |
| Payout Time | 24-72 hours |
| Bonus Wagering Requirement | 40x |
| Minimum Deposit | €20 |
| Top Game Providers | Pragmatic Play, NetEnt, Play'n GO |
Pros
- Cashback element adds recurring value beyond the initial match
- High percentage match on first deposits
Cons
- Very high percentage bonuses usually mean higher total turnover required
- Cashback terms need separate review from the match bonus terms
Daytonaspin
Daytonaspin closes the list with 255% up to £4,500 plus 255 free spins, a mid-sized package in sterling terms that avoids the currency conversion question affecting several other entries on this page.
| Year Launched | 2023 |
|---|---|
| Amount of Games | 2,600+ |
| Payout Time | 24-48 hours |
| Bonus Wagering Requirement | 40x |
| Minimum Deposit | £15 |
| Top Game Providers | Pragmatic Play, Microgaming, Evolution Gaming |
Pros
- GBP-denominated bonus avoids conversion guesswork
- Balanced free spins to match-bonus ratio
Cons
- Mid-tier game count compared with the largest sites reviewed here
- Limited independent performance history published
What are casinos not on GamStop
GAMSTOP is the UK's free multi-operator self-exclusion scheme. Every operator holding a UK Gambling Commission licence must connect to it, so registering once blocks your access to all UKGC-licensed sites for the period you choose. A non gamstop casino simply means a casino that has not connected to that scheme, almost always because it is licensed by a regulator other than the UKGC.
It is worth separating three ideas that get blurred together. A non-GamStop casino is a licensing description. An offshore casino describes where the operator is regulated, usually outside Great Britain. A "no-KYC" claim is a marketing statement about identity checks, and it is not something this page can verify for any specific brand; UK anti-money-laundering rules generally still require checks before large withdrawals, regardless of what a site advertises. None of these labels tell you whether a site treats customers fairly, pays out reliably, or offers meaningful dispute resolution. They tell you only where the operator sits relative to UK oversight, so treat "not on GamStop" as a starting point for research, not a mark of quality.
How non GamStop casinos differ from UKGC-licensed sites
The core difference is regulatory oversight, and it cascades into several practical areas.
| Area | UKGC-licensed casinos | Non GamStop casinos |
|---|---|---|
| Self-exclusion | Connected to GAMSTOP; blocks all UKGC sites at once | Not connected; exclusion, if offered, applies to that one brand only |
| Dispute resolution | Independent ADR bodies approved by the UKGC | Varies by licence; often the licensor's own complaints process |
| Advertising standards | Bound by UK advertising codes | May follow the standards of the licensing jurisdiction instead |
| Bonus disclosure | UKGC rules on fair bonus terms | Terms set by the operator and its licensor's rules |
| Account controls | Mandatory deposit and loss limit tools | Tools offered vary by operator |
None of this means every offshore operator behaves badly, and it does not mean every UK-licensed site is flawless. It means the safety net looks different. If a dispute arises with a casino not on GamStop, your recourse depends entirely on the licensing body involved and how that body handles player complaints, which is inconsistent across jurisdictions. Bonuses can appear larger at non-GamStop sites partly because they compete harder for attention outside the regulated UK market, but larger headline figures often carry longer wagering requirements, so the practical value gap is smaller than it first looks. Game libraries and payment options can be broadly similar across both categories, since many use the same slot studios and payment processors, but you should verify support for any specific method rather than assuming.
How we reviewed these non GamStop casinos
Assessing a casino not on GamStop means checking published information rather than relying on marketing copy. We looked at who owns and operates each brand where that information is disclosed, which licence each one holds, whether terms and conditions are written clearly enough for a reader to calculate real bonus value, and what pattern of complaints or praise appears in public player discussion. We also checked what customer support channels are advertised and what account controls, such as deposit limits or time-outs, each site claims to offer.
This is a review of published, publicly available material. It is not a first-hand test of withdrawal speed, live customer support quality, or actual dispute outcomes, and no page like this can verify those things reliably for every brand at once. Treat processing times and wagering figures quoted above as terms stated by the operator rather than independently confirmed results.
Assessing new non GamStop casinos
Several sites in this list launched relatively recently, which is common in this market since new casinos not on GamStop appear regularly to compete for UK traffic that regulated sites cannot reach. A new casino is not automatically higher risk, but a limited operating history means fewer independent reports of how it actually handles withdrawals, disputes or account closures under pressure. Genuine red flags include unclear ownership information, licence numbers that cannot be matched to the regulator's own register, bonus terms that omit a wagering requirement entirely, and customer support that is difficult to reach before you have deposited. A newly launched brand under an established parent company operating several other sites is a different proposition from a completely standalone new domain with no visible history, even if both call themselves new.
Common licences held by non GamStop casinos
Because these operators sit outside UKGC authorisation, they hold licences from other jurisdictions instead. Understanding what each licence actually covers matters more than treating "licensed" as a single pass/fail label.
Curaçao issues the most common licence among non-GamStop casinos. Historically, Curaçao operated under a small number of master licence holders sublicensing many operators; the jurisdiction has been restructuring its framework toward direct licensing, which affects how enforceable individual operator obligations are. Curaçao casinos not on GamStop are widespread, but the licence alone provides limited consumer protection compared with UKGC oversight.
Malta, regulated by the Malta Gaming Authority, sits closer to UK standards in terms of player fund protection and dispute processes, and is generally regarded as a stricter regime than Curaçao, though it still does not connect to GAMSTOP.
Panama, Anjouan, Tobique and Kahnawake are smaller licensing jurisdictions used by some offshore operators. Requirements and enforcement vary significantly between them, and public information on complaint handling is often limited, making it harder for a UK reader to assess what protection the licence actually provides in practice.
Estonia operates its own licensing regime with reasonably transparent public registers, giving players an ability to check a specific operator's authorisation status directly.
Whichever jurisdiction is named, two checks matter. First, confirm the exact domain and legal entity named on the licence match the site you are using, since sister sites and rebrands sometimes reuse a licence number that was issued to a different domain or company. Second, check what the licensor's complaints route actually involves, since "licensed" does not tell you whether that regulator investigates player disputes actively or simply issues the licence and steps back.
Casino bonuses at non GamStop sites
Casino bonuses take several distinct forms, and the mechanics behind each one determine what the bonus is actually worth once you try to withdraw.
Welcome bonuses and deposit bonuses
A welcome bonus is typically a percentage match on your first deposit, sometimes split across several deposits as a tiered package, as seen with several operators reviewed above. A deposit bonus works the same way on any subsequent deposit tied to a promotion. The percentage figure is only half the picture: a 570% match sounds larger than a 150% match, but if the smaller bonus carries 30x wagering and the larger one carries 45x, the smaller bonus can be easier to convert into withdrawable funds.
Free spins
Free spins are credited on specific slot titles, usually at a fixed value per spin rather than matching your stake. Winnings from free spins are commonly added as bonus funds subject to their own wagering requirement, separate from any deposit bonus wagering, and often carry a maximum win cap per spin round regardless of what you land.
No-deposit bonuses
A no-deposit bonus credits a small amount, or a limited number of free spins, without requiring a deposit first. These typically carry the highest wagering requirements of any bonus type and the lowest maximum cashout caps, since the operator is giving away value with no purchase attached.
Cashback bonuses
Cashback returns a percentage of net losses over a given period, as offered alongside Rivo's welcome package above. Cashback is usually credited as bonus funds with its own, typically lower, wagering requirement rather than as withdrawable cash, so check whether the return is real money or another bonus layer.
Loyalty rewards
Loyalty schemes reward ongoing play with points, tier upgrades or periodic bonuses. These programmes reward volume of play over time rather than any single deposit, and their value depends on how quickly points accrue relative to stakes wagered, information that is rarely published in enough detail to compare precisely across operators.
Working through the wagering maths
Take a £100 deposit matched at 100% with 40x wagering on deposit plus bonus. That means £200 in bonus funds requiring £8,000 in total stakes before withdrawal. If the wagering applied to the bonus only, the requirement drops to £4,000, half as much for an identical headline offer. Game contribution matters too: if slots count 100% toward wagering but table games count 10% or 0%, playing roulette against that requirement could mean your stakes barely register. Maximum bonus bets, often £5 or £10 per spin while wagering is active, restrict how quickly you can clear the requirement, and breaching that limit can void winnings entirely. Bonus expiry dates, commonly 7 to 30 days, add pressure, and bonus cashout limits, sometimes capped at a multiple of the original bonus, decide the absolute most you can withdraw from bonus-derived winnings no matter how much you actually won.
Payment methods at non GamStop casinos
Deposit availability and withdrawal availability are not the same thing, and this page has not verified every specific method for every operator listed above, so treat the general explanations below as background rather than brand-specific confirmation.
| Method | Typical deposit speed | Typical withdrawal speed | Common fees |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debit card | Instant | 1-5 business days | Usually free |
| Bank transfer | Same day to 1 day | 1-5 business days | Occasionally a flat fee |
| E-wallets | Instant | Within 24 hours | Usually free |
| PayPal | Instant where supported | Within 24 hours where supported | Usually free |
| Prepaid vouchers (Paysafecard) | Instant | Not typically supported for withdrawal | Purchase fee may apply |
| Cryptocurrency | Minutes, subject to network confirmation | Minutes to hours | Network fees apply |
Debit card payments
Debit cards remain the most familiar deposit method for UK players and are widely accepted across non-GamStop casinos, generally processing instantly on deposit. Withdrawals back to card take longer than to an e-wallet because they route through card networks rather than the operator's own systems.
Bank transfers
Direct bank transfers suit larger deposits and withdrawals but are slower on both ends, and some banks flag transfers to gambling operators, which can add delay beyond the casino's own processing time.
E-wallets
E-wallets such as Skrill and Neteller are popular at non-GamStop casinos because they settle quickly in both directions and keep a layer of separation between your bank account and the gambling site.
PayPal availability
PayPal availability at non-GamStop casinos is inconsistent and should never be assumed. PayPal's own merchant terms restrict which gambling operators it works with, and confirmed support at UKGC-licensed sites does not carry over to offshore operators. If PayPal support matters to you, check the specific operator's payments page directly rather than assuming it based on other sites accepting it.
Prepaid cards
Prepaid vouchers, notably Paysafecard, let players deposit without linking a bank account or card directly, useful for budgeting since you can only spend what you have preloaded. Several operators researched for this comparison, including paysafe casinos not on gamstop, list Paysafecard as a deposit option, though prepaid vouchers are rarely usable for withdrawals, meaning you will still need a separate method to cash out.
Cryptocurrency payments
Cryptocurrency deposits and withdrawals, supported at operators like CoinPoker, tend to process faster than traditional banking rails since they do not depend on card networks or bank clearing times. Crypto values fluctuate against sterling between deposit and withdrawal, which is a real financial consideration separate from the casino's own processing time, and network fees apply regardless of the operator.
GBP accounts and currency conversion
A genuine GBP account holds your balance in pounds sterling with no conversion on deposit or withdrawal. Several operators reviewed above price their bonuses in euros or dollars, which means UK players are either being converted at the point of deposit or playing in a foreign currency account, both of which can involve a conversion fee or unfavourable exchange rate depending on your payment provider. Always check the currency your account actually operates in before assuming it matches the currency shown in a promotion.
Withdrawals, KYC and account restrictions
Casino approval time and payment settlement time are two separate clocks, and confusing them is the most common reason withdrawal timeframes feel misleading. Casino approval is how long the operator takes to review and authorise your withdrawal request internally; payment settlement is how long the payment method then takes to actually move funds into your account. A casino advertising "24-hour withdrawals" is usually describing its own approval stage, not the full time until money reaches you.
Identity verification, or KYC, checks your name, address and age against documents you provide, typically ID and proof of address. Source-of-funds checks go further, asking you to demonstrate where deposited money came from, and are more commonly triggered by larger withdrawals or unusual account activity. Non-GamStop casinos still generally require these checks, often at the point of first withdrawal rather than at registration, so a site not asking for documents immediately is not the same as a site that never will. Anyone advertising guaranteed "no-KYC" processing should be treated with particular caution, since it runs against standard anti-money-laundering practice used across licensed gambling markets.
Withdrawal limits, both daily and monthly caps, are common and vary by operator and by verification level, sometimes rising once your account has a longer history. Bonus terms frequently restrict withdrawals until wagering is complete, and withdrawing while a bonus is active can void it entirely at some operators. Common delays include incomplete verification documents, mismatched payment details, and withdrawal requests flagged for manual review. If a withdrawal dispute arises, escalation depends on the operator's licence: some jurisdictions provide a formal complaints body, others leave resolution largely to the operator itself, which is a meaningfully weaker position than the UKGC's structured complaints process.
Games not on GamStop
Slots not on GamStop
Slot libraries at non-GamStop casinos typically run into the thousands of titles, drawing from major studios rather than exclusive in-house development. Progressive jackpot slots, which pool a percentage of every stake across linked machines into a growing prize, feature prominently in most libraries. RTP and volatility figures are set per game version by the studio, not by the casino hosting it, so the same title can carry a different RTP percentage depending on which build a casino has integrated; a headline "96% RTP" claim should be checked against the specific game version where possible rather than assumed universal.
Live dealer and table games
Live dealer games stream a real dealer running blackjack, roulette or baccarat in real time, typically produced by specialist studios such as Evolution Gaming. Standard digital table games run the same core rules against a random number generator instead of a live stream, usually at lower stakes and faster pace. Blackjack, roulette and baccarat appear at most operators reviewed here in both live and digital formats, though exact table limits and rule variants are not published consistently enough to compare directly across every site.
Mobile casino games
Most modern slot and live casino titles are built to run in a mobile browser without a dedicated app, since studios generally build HTML5 games designed to scale to a phone screen. Device compatibility still varies by specific game and browser, so confirm a title loads properly on your device before relying on it.
Game counts and provider logos displayed on a casino's homepage are not evidence of game quality or fairness on their own; they show breadth of catalogue, not tested performance, so treat a large number as a starting point for browsing rather than a guarantee of a better experience.
Software providers behind these games
The operators in this comparison draw heavily on a shared pool of established studios rather than proprietary development. Pragmatic Play supplies a large share of slot content across the industry, known for frequent new releases and consistent RTP disclosure. Evolution Gaming dominates live dealer production, running blackjack, roulette and baccarat tables used by multiple operators reviewed above. NetEnt and Play'n GO both have long-standing slot catalogues with well-documented RTP ranges. Microgaming, one of the oldest studios in online gambling, still supplies both slots and progressive jackpot networks. Novomatic brings a catalogue popular with players familiar with land-based machines. Big Time Gaming is known for its Megaways mechanic, licensed by other studios as well as used in its own titles. Playtech supplies both slots and a broader casino platform infrastructure to some operators. Seeing a familiar provider logo confirms that studio's content is present, but it does not by itself confirm which specific titles, versions or RTP settings a given casino has deployed.
Sports betting at non GamStop casinos
Not every casino not on GamStop offers sports betting, and availability was not separately confirmed for each brand in this comparison beyond what each operator's own site displays, so check directly before assuming a sportsbook exists. Where a combined casino and sportsbook account is offered, it typically means one login and one wallet balance shared between both products, though bonus funds are usually restricted to either casino or sports use, not both.
Where sports betting is available, it commonly covers pre-match and in-play betting across major sports, alongside esports markets for popular competitive titles. Bet types range from single bets on one outcome to accumulators combining multiple selections into one bet, and bet builders that let you combine several markets within a single match into one wager. Cash-out, where offered, lets you settle a bet before the event finishes for a value based on current odds, which is a feature rather than a guarantee, since it may be withdrawn or limited by the operator without notice.
Sports free bets differ from casino bonuses in structure. A free bet typically requires a minimum qualifying odds threshold, often 1.50 or higher in decimal odds, and applies only to specified markets. Crucially, most free bets return only the winnings if the bet wins, not the original stake, which is a smaller payout than it first appears compared with a cash bet of the same size. Expiry windows on sports free bets are usually shorter than casino bonus expiry, often 7 days or less.
Self-exclusion and account controls away from GAMSTOP
Because non-GamStop casinos are not connected to the UK's central scheme, self-exclusion at these sites, where offered, is set individually with that one operator and does not extend to sister brands or other non-GamStop sites unless the operator explicitly states shared exclusion across a group of linked casinos, which is uncommon and should never be assumed. Deposit limits, loss limits and time-outs may be available as account settings, but the range of tools and how strictly they are enforced varies between operators and was not independently tested for this comparison.
None of this is a workaround for anyone who has already self-excluded through GAMSTOP. If you registered with GAMSTOP, that decision was made to protect you, and a GAMSTOP exclusion period is designed to run its full course, whether that is 6 months, 1 year or 5 years, without early access anywhere else. If you are struggling with gambling, GamCare provides free, confidential support through the National Gambling Helpline, and independent gambling blocking software can add a further layer of restriction across your devices regardless of which sites you might otherwise reach.
Choosing between these casino sites
The clearest way to separate the ten casino sites reviewed above is by matching bonus structure, currency and wagering terms to what you actually want from an account, rather than by headline percentage alone. A reader prioritising a GBP-denominated offer with no conversion questions has different priorities from one drawn to CoinPoker's crypto-native, poker-focused setup. Remaining uncertainties are genuine: we could not independently verify withdrawal speed, live support quality or dispute outcomes for any of these operators, and licensing strength varies meaningfully between Curaçao, Malta and the smaller jurisdictions covered above. Read each operator's own terms before depositing, and treat every figure in this guide as a starting point for your own check rather than a final answer.